But there are investments that have nothing to do with stocks or bonds or real estate that may be at least enjoyable if not always moneymaking. I've come up with about a half-dozen, and over the next few weeks, I plan to explore some of them, including investments as different as horses and restaurants. My goal is to see how people do this successfully — or whether they have a broader definition of success than just making money.
This week, I'm going to look at films, given that the influential Tribeca Film Festival is under way; it runs through Sunday.
Investing in a movie seems a risky proposition. Movie studios lose tens of millions of dollars on films almost every week. But for some amateurs, being part of the film festival circuit, let alone making it to a big Hollywood premiere, can be glamorous. For a serious investor, with more at stake, there are many ways to make money in films that have little to do with box-office success.
Dennis Wallestad, chief financial officer of the Treasury services division of JPMorgan Chase, said he wanted to back a promising filmmaker after spending over a decade as a benefactor to David M. Lenz, an artist who gained wide acclaim in 2006 when he won a competition at the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery.
He met the filmmaker Nate Taylor because their wives knew each other. On the surface, they seem nothing alike. "I'm a C.P.A. from Milwaukee and as white bread as they come," Mr. Wallestad said. "He's a goth with a mohawk."
Yet after many meetings, Mr. Wallestad put up $300,000 to make the film " Forgetting the Girl ." He also ran all aspects of the film's finances and whittled away waste as he does in his day job. "I wanted to help someone else," Mr. Wallestad said. "My covenant with Nate is, You do the art and I'll take care of the business."
Earlier this month, "Forgetting The Girl" won the audience award at the SoHo International Film Festival, and Mr. Wallestad said that had attracted interest from two dozen distributors.
This type of success right out of the gate is an anomaly. Kristina Leigh Copeland said she rounded up nearly $3 million from investors, mostly family, to make " The Wall Street Conspiracy ," a documentary about naked short-selling, the esoteric, and now illegal, practice of using shares you never borrowed to bet that the value of a stock will fall. But so far, the film is available only on her Web site. She said she realized now that she needed to cut her budget for her next film.
For investors, controlling the budget is crucial but also relatively obvious. There are other less obvious risks to consider.
Marc Jacobson, an entertainment lawyer in New York, said the biggest risk to someone's investment was that the film was not completed.
"Someone who has a couple of million dollars to invest is not going to be able to invest in a $100 million blockbuster," he said. "Most will work in the $1 million to $2 million range, and producers often can't finish the film."
He said one precaution is to demand a completion bond, which is an insurance policy that the film will be finished on time and on budget. He said many directors balked at this because the insurance company might interfere with their vision. (These companies also require 10 percent of the budget be held in reserve and charge a fee of 4 percent of the budget.)
"There are many ways to make money these days in film, but you can only get that if the film is completed," Mr. Jacobson said.
An adviser who knows the business is crucial in this.
Marc H. Simon is an entertainment lawyer at Cowan DeBaets Abrahams & Sheppard, but over the last decade he has produced three well-received documentaries. His most recent one, released this month, is " Unraveled ," about a lawyer, Marc Dreier, who defrauded investors of $740 million to support his law firm and is now serving 20 years in jail.
Knowing the industry, Mr. Simon has been able to sell off various rights to different investors beyond the theatrical release, like video on demand and cable, to make and promote the film.
"We don't have huge marketing dollars for a theatrical release," he said. "The real key is the video-on-demand life can be huge for this film. People anywhere in the country can watch it right now on every single cable system in the country."
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